Systems and methods for calibrating, correcting and processing images on a radiographic detector

ABSTRACT

Embodiments of methods and/or apparatus for a radiographic imaging system can include a radiographic detector including an image receptor to receive incident radiation and generate uncorrected electronic image data; a storage device to store calibration data at the detector, and a processor to generate calibration-corrected image data from the uncorrected electronic image data and the calibration data. The calibration-corrected image data can be further processed by the processor to perform image processing before transmitting a corrected image (e.g., DICOM image) to the radiographic imaging system. The detector can further include a display to display imaging system controls or the corrected image.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates generally to the field of digital imaging, and inparticular to medical digital imaging.

BACKGROUND

U.S. Pat. No. 7,298,825 titled PORTABLE DIGITAL DETECTOR SYSTEM directedto a detector for a portable imaging system wherein calibration data andconfiguration data from flash memory in the detector is transmitted tothe portable imaging system.

U.S. Pat. No. 7,519,156 titled METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR HOT SWAPPINGPORTABLE DETECTORS IN X-RAY SYSTEMS directed to a method for hotswapping a portable detector to an imaging system.

The article titled “Enhancement method that provides direct andindependent control of fundamental attributes of image quality forradiographic imagery,” by Mary Couwenhoven, Robert Senn, and David Foos.

SUMMARY

Accordingly, it is an aspect of this application to address in whole orin part, at least the foregoing and other deficiencies in the relatedart.

It is another aspect of this application to provide in whole or in part,at least the advantages described herein.

Another aspect of this application is to provide methods and/systemsthat can address exposure technique inconsistencies across multipleradiographic image processing systems.

Another aspect of this application is to provide methods and/systemsthat can reduce image processing time to achieve presentation readymedical images at radiographic image systems.

Another aspect of this application is to provide methods and/systemsthat can perform calibration image processing (e.g., one or morecalibrations and image corrections including but not limited to dark oroffset calibration and correction, gain calibration and correction,defect identification and correction), additional image processing orall image processing at digital detector of radiographic image systems.

Another aspect of this application is to provide methods and/systemsthat can perform calibration file updates or calibration procedures thatresult in calibration files and/or information used in correctingsubsequent raw radiographic image data at a radiographic detector.

Another aspect of this application is to provide methods and/systemsthat includes a display at a digital radiographic flat panel detector(DR FPD) that can display calibration corrected images, images processedfor presentation to the user in a common standard format such as DICOM(Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine standard fordistributing and viewing any kind of medical image regardless of theorigin) at digital detectors (e.g., wireless DR FPD) of radiographicimage systems. Exemplary detectors can export such images to a hostradiographic imaging system or an external display.

Another aspect of this application is to provide methods and/systemsthat can store technique information for each view at a digital detectorfor radiographic image systems.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The foregoing and other objects, features, and advantages of theinvention will be apparent from the following more particulardescription of the embodiments of the invention, as illustrated in theaccompanying drawings.

The elements of the drawings are not necessarily to scale relative toeach other.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an x-ray imaging room having twoportable DR receiver panels according to an embodiment of theapplication.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a portion of a hospital or otherfacility having multiple x-ray imaging rooms that use DR receiver panelsaccording to an embodiment of the application.

FIG. 3 is a diagram that shows a mobile x-ray system according to anembodiment of the application.

FIG. 4 is a diagram that shows an exemplary digital detector to processdata at the digital detector for use in an x-ray imaging apparatus inaccordance with the application.

FIG. 5 is a diagram that shows an exemplary digital detector to includeremovable memory to transfer data, raw images or processed images foruse in an x-ray imaging apparatus in accordance with the application.

FIG. 6 is a diagram that shows an exemplary digital detector to receiveadditional calibration data at the digital detector for use in an x-rayimaging apparatus in accordance with the application.

FIG. 7 is a diagram that shows an exemplary digital detector to includea display and processor at the digital detector for use as an x-rayimaging apparatus in accordance with the application.

FIG. 8 is a diagram that shows another exemplary digital detector toinclude a display and processor at the digital detector for use as anx-ray imaging apparatus in accordance with the application.

FIG. 9 is a diagram that shows an exemplary digital detector to transferregistration information (e.g., manually) to an x-ray imaging apparatusupon connection in accordance with the application.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart that shows a related art image processing usingcalibration data at an image processor (e.g., DR console) of aradiographic imaging system.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart that shows an exemplary image processing methodembodiment using calibration data to correct raw image data at a DRdetector of a radiographic imaging system in accordance with theapplication.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart that shows an exemplary image processing methodembodiment using exposure techniques and/or calibration data at a DRdetector to monitor/control/synchronize corresponding techniques in oneor more radiographic imaging systems in accordance with the application.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart that shows an exemplary image processing methodembodiment performing additional image processing at a DR detector of aradiographic imaging system in accordance with the application.

FIG. 14 is a flowchart that shows an image processing method embodimentillustrating additional exemplary operator work flow using a DR detectorof a radiographic imaging system in accordance with the application.

FIG. 15 is a flowchart that shows an exemplary method embodiment forcalibrating a new portable detector according to an embodiment of theapplication.

FIG. 16 is a flowchart that shows an exemplary method embodiment forcalibrating a new portable detector according to an embodiment of theapplication.

DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS

The following is a detailed description of exemplary embodiments of theinvention, reference being made to the drawings in which the samereference numerals identify the same elements of structure in each ofthe several figures.

In the field of radiography for the purpose of medical diagnosis, aradiography system has been widely known in which a subject is subjectedto radiation to detect the distribution of radiation rays transmittedthrough the subject, thereby obtaining a radiographic image of thesubject. In related art radiography systems, a digital radiographic (DR)detector (e.g., flat panel detector having a thin and flat panel-likeshape) in which a great number of photoelectric transducers are arrangedin a matrix manner has been developed and used. In DR detectors,radiation rays transmitted through the subject are subjected tophotoelectric conversion to provide an electronic signal as imageinformation. The image information generated by the DR detector issubjected to image processing, thereby providing a radiographic image(e.g., medical digital images) of the subject in a timely manner.

Certain exemplary embodiments herein can subject image information(e.g., X-ray image data, calibration-corrected image data) generated bya DR detector to image processing to result in a useful desired medicaldigital image. Exemplary image processing can subjects the X-ray imagedata to processes such as, but not limited to compensation processing,expansion/compression processing, space filtering processing, recursiveprocessing, gradation processing, scattering radiation compensationprocessing, grid compensation processing, frequency enhancementprocessing, or dynamic range compression processing, and the like (e.g.,individually or in various combinations).

Embodiments of radiographic systems can include an x-ray sourceassembly, a controller, and a detector attached to a radiographic system(e.g., mobile radiographic imaging system). Through device and methodembodiments according to the application, exemplary processes ofinstalling and operating a DR detector to process images are described.

FIG. 1 is a diagram that shows an embodiment of an x-ray imaging room.As shown in FIG. 1, there is shown an x-ray imaging room 10 that caninclude an X-ray apparatus 52 that uses a plurality of wireless DRreceiver panels 12, (two panels 12 are shown, one labeled A, the otherlabeled B). Each DR receiver panel 12 can include an integratedcontroller/CPU as known in the art to control operations thereof. EachDR receiver panel 12 has a unique identifier such as identifying serialnumber or other encoding, typically assigned at time of manufacture. Thewireless transmission protocol can use this unique encoding as a“signature” for distinguishing between any two or more DR receiverpanels 12 from the same or manufacturer or different manufacturers andfor setting up the proper communication channel between the panel and acontroller 34 (e.g., of the apparatus 52).

As shown in FIG. 1, X-ray imaging room 10 has an imaging room 20, whichcan be a shielded area where a patient 14 is imaged and contains anx-ray source 16, and a control room 30 that can include a display 32 andcontroller 34 for communicating with DR receiver panels 12 over aninterface (e.g., wired, RF, IR or wireless) and that contains controllogic for executing known functions with a selected DR receiver panel12. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the image is obtained on theactive DR receiver panel 12 labeled A; the DR receiver panel labeled Bis inactive, not currently being used. An operator interface 36 acceptsoperator instructions such as to select a DR receiver panel, tocommunicate with the active DR receiver panel 12 labeled A, and controloperations for obtaining a selected image of the patient 14. In theembodiment shown, display 32 is a touchscreen display, enabling theoperator or technologist to easily control the X-ray imaging room 10 andselect either the A or the B DR receiver panel 12 as the active DRreceiver panel for obtaining the radiographic image using a graphicaluser interface (GUI).

FIG. 2 is a diagram that shows a facility or department including aplurality of imaging rooms. As shown in FIG. 2, imaging room 10 a hastwo designated DR receiver panels 12, labeled A and B. Imaging room 10 bhas two designated DR receiver panels, labeled 4 and 5. The DR receiverpanels 12 generally remain at their respective rooms 10 a or 10 b.However, in the hospital environment, a crisis situation, a schedulingdifficulty, or an equipment maintenance need can occur, requiring oneroom to borrow a DR receiver panel 12 that was originally designated foranother room. For example, a detector failure condition may require thatone or both of the DR receiver panels 12 at x-ray imaging room 10 b betemporarily out of commission. A technologist may then remove one of theDR receiver panels 12 from x-ray imaging room 10 a in order to handlesuch a temporary emergency. In such events, calibration can be requiredeither because of changes of the detector panels 12, changes of thex-ray imaging room 10, movement of the detector panels 12 to a differentx-ray source 16/imaging room or for image quality (IQ) requirements, andthis new calibration data can be stored in memory of the detector panels12 or transferred back to the detector panels 12 from the controller 34for storage to ensure that the calibration data on the detector panels12 is refreshed. As a backup, the entire calibration and configurationdata can be uploaded to the imaging room 10 (e.g., the controller 34) ora networked location based on the identity of the detector panels 12.

The term calibration includes but is not limited to typical elements ofthe detector flat-field calibration known in the art (James A. Seibert,John M. Boone, and Karen K. Lindfors in “Flat-field correction techniquefor digital detectors,” Proc. SPIE Vol. 3336, 1998, p. 348-354; byJean-Pierre Moy and B. Bosset in “How does real offset and gaincorrection affect the DQE in images from x-ray flat detectors?” Proc.SPIE, 3659, 1999, pp. 90-97). The most basic calibration and correctionalgorithms generally include 3 steps. First, the dark signal of thedetector (that is, the signal in the absence of any X-ray exposure) isobtained. Pixel by pixel variations in the dark signal of the detectorare characterized to form a dark or offset map containing the darkvariations. The offset map is then subtracted from the X-ray exposure ina process termed dark or offset correction. Second, the variations inthe sensitivity of the pixels are characterized. This is done bycapturing one or more flat field exposures, which are thenoffset-corrected. The resulting image is the gain map. In the gaincorrection step, the offset-corrected X-ray exposure is divided by thegain map. Finally, defective pixels in the image are removed byinterpolating their values from neighboring good pixels. Ideally thisthree-step procedure compensates for any fixed pattern noise introducedby the detector. In portable detectors additional offset corrections maybe necessary, such as those described in U.S. Pat. No. 7,832,928 B2“Dark correction for digital X-ray detector” by K. Topfer, R. T. Scottand J. W. Dehority.

Also used within an imaging room or as a stand alone capability, amobile radiography (e.g., x-ray) imaging system can incorporate DRreceiver panels such as DR receiver panels 12. FIG. 3 is a diagram thatshows an embodiment of a mobile x-ray system according to theapplication.

As shown in FIG. 3, a mobile radiography or x-ray scanning system 310includes a wheeled base 312, an operator console 314, and an x-raysource assembly 315. The x-ray source assembly 315 can include an x-raytube housing 322 containing an x-ray source, the tube housing 322 havingan x-ray emission aperture (not shown), and a collimator 324 can beattached to the tube housing 322 and aligned with the x-ray emissionaperture. The scanning system 310 is embodied for scanning an object 329to be imaged, illustrated on a table 330.

The mobile x-ray scanning system 310 further can include a controller327 (e.g., imaging computer) and a removable radiographic detector 326in communication with the controller 327. FIG. 3 illustrates thecontroller 327 communicating wirelessly with the detector 326 as thedetector 326 is activated and brought in a vicinity of the controller327. The detector 326 can include the supplemental capability for wiredor tethered communication to the controller 327.

In accordance with one embodiment, a detector platform, such as theportable detector platform 326, includes memory 331, which can be loadedfrom the vendor with a full set of configuration parameters andcalibration files. This full set of configuration parameters andcalibration files for the detector 326 can be used with the mobile x-rayscanning system 310 based on the unique identifier (e.g., MAC address orserial number) when the detector 326 is connected or after the detector326 is re-connected. The data included in the memory 331 can include allor a subset of calibration data, model information and componentconfiguration data. The memory 331 can include one or more of cache,ROM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM, flash, SRAM, non-volatile memory (NVM), flashmemory and be ROM or RAM within the controller 327 or removable memorythat is removably connected to the detector 326 or controller 327.

In accordance exemplary embodiments, if during system operations,calibration is required either because of changes of the detector 326,changes of the mobile x-ray imaging system 310, movement of the detector326 to a different imaging system (e.g., 310)/imaging room or for imagequality (IQ) requirements, this new calibration data can be stored inthe memory 331 or transferred back to the detector 326 from thecontroller 327 for storage for ensuring that the data on the detector326 is refreshed. As a backup, the entire calibration and configurationdata can be uploaded to the mobile x-ray imaging system 310 (e.g., thesystem controller 327) or a networked location based on the detector 326identity. Some updated calibration data such as dark image calibrationupdate can be determined and directly stored at the detector 326. Otherupdated calibration data such as imaging system configuration data whenthe detector 326 is moved to a different imaging system/imaging room canbe transmitted to the detector 326.

As shown in FIG. 3, the detector 326 can include the transmit/receiveunit 335 for communicating with the controller 327. The transmit/receiveunit 335 can wirelessly connect to the controller 327 or to another partof the mobile x-ray imaging system 310. The detector 326 can include adetector controller 333 receiving and processing signals from thecontroller 327 and controlling functions of the detector 326, includingconfiguring the detector 326 for use with the particular imaging system310.

Each digital detector may need to be calibrated. Currently, a digitalfile can be included with each digital detector that includes factorycalibration files. The file can be included on media such as a DVD, CD,USB drive, or other media for storing digital information.Alternatively, the file can be stored at the detector 326 (e.g., memory331).

Each digital detector may also require supplemental (e.g., periodic)calibration to be performed (e.g., at the customer site). Supplementalcalibration can include periodic calibration such as, but not limited tocalibration based on the number of images exposed by a detector, timebased periodic or a periodic calibration such as operator imitated,repeated or event based calibration like dropping the detector.Calibration data can comprise any one of captured raw calibration image,correction images or maps generated from one of more calibration images(examples include gain, offset, defect and lag maps) or other non-imagecalibration data, such as temperature, radiographic technique andgenerator prep time.

It is desired to use detectors with many exam rooms/computers withouthaving to download calibration files or recalibrate the digital detectorat the computer for each exam room. It is desirable to store thesecalibration files in non-volatile flash memory on the detector itselfand make use of the calibration files on the detector without needing todownload them to a computer.

One exemplary method can include the following steps.

A radiographic detector stores factory calibration data at the detector(e.g., non-volatile flash memory or similar) and then uses thatcalibration data to correct the image before transferring it to theimaging system.

The calibration data is stored at the detector (e.g., at a storagedevice, ROM, RAM) on removable flash memory. The data storage does notneed to be removable but can be on internal or permanent memory. Thestorage device or removable flash memory would preferably be a secondarystorage. Further, the removable memory can also be used as a backup tofixed storage on detector or as a mechanism for backups to the console/imaging system PC or elsewhere or as a mechanism for loads from theconsole/ imaging system PC or elsewhere.

The removable flash memory can also be used to upload calibration datato the detector from the imaging system. The calibration data can stayon the removable flash memory or be copied to internal flash memory.

Exemplary embodiments can store other calibration data at the detector.For example, store periodic (Daily, Weekly, Monthly, Yearly), dark, flatfield calibration, and phantom target files at the detector (e.g., atthe detector, internal memory or removable flash) along with the factorycalibration and automatically correcting images also using that othercalibration data at the detector.

Optionally calibration data (e.g., captured calibration images) and thecorrection image (e.g., data to be applied to a new x-ray image tocorrect its raw image data) can be stored separately at the detector.The correction images, such as gain, defect and offset maps, represent acombination of multiple calibration raw images based on some pre-definedimage processing and can be the only data that preferably is stored inhigh speed RAM. The predefined image processing can include simpleoperations, such as subtraction of dark images and averaging of multipleexposures, as in the case of a gain map, or more complicated operationssuch as spatial frequency filtering, statistical analysis andthresholding as described for defect maps in “Standard Practice forManufacturing Characterization of Digital Detector Arrays”, ASTMStandard E 2597 (2008). Detector preferably updates the correction imageevery time a new calibration is performed. Pre-merging the factory andperiodic calibration data can allow for a faster preview time and/or canreduce the amount of high speed RAM (vs. flash memory) required at thedetector.

Any periodic dark calibrations are preferably automatically performed bythe detector when desired or necessary. For example, if the detectorattempts to perform a dark calibration every 12 hours for a requireddaily (24 hours) dark calibration. However, should the detector beunable to perform the required dark calibration within the required time(24 hours), the detector can perform the required dark correction later,when possible. In one embodiment, the detector itself can determineif/when to perform this calibration on its own. For example, thedetector can wait until a prescribed time (e.g., an hour) has passedwithout being used to initiate the periodic dark calibration.Alternatively, the detector can initiate the periodic dark calibrationupon completion of an exposure series or examination. Further, even whena detector initiated dark calibration is in process, an incoming request(e.g., from an operator) to receive incident radiation or generate animage of a subject can interrupt the detector initiated darkcalibration.

Allow users to register (and e.g., select/activate) the detector byattaching/connecting the detector into the imaging system or byselecting the detector from a list of available wireless detectors.Various mechanisms such as wireless technology (e.g., WiFi, bluetooth,zigbee, etc.), or a Bar Code, RF-ID can be used to indicate desire toregister a detector. Any necessary or desirable information can betransferred from the radiographic detector to the imaging system whenthe detector is connected, or subsequently. For example, a unique ID,Serial #, IP Address, Name, Detector Type, width/height in mm,width/height in pixels, scintillator type (e.g., gadolinium oxisulfide,cesium iodide) can be automatically communicated, communicated uponrequest or subsequently communicated.

Certain exemplary apparatus and/or method embodiments can perform imageprocessing (e.g., partial image processing, “DICOM image processing,display ready image processing, complete image processing, etc.) at thedetector. The result of this type of processing is an image ready to beviewed by the user for medical diagnosis, detection of objects and otherpurposes.

To perform the image processing at the detector, the detector can storethe image processing parameters in memory (e.g., non-volatile flashmemory). If the image processing parameters are view based, this wouldinclude saving the processing data for each view (e.g., body part,projection, position combination or combination thereof). Alternatively,in one embodiment, a single image processing can be used on all views.

Exemplary embodiments can store technique information for each view atthe detector. This capability can address having inconsistent techniquesat different DR systems.

The detector can store the same information (e.g., first techniqueinformation) backed up and restored to transfer view information, imageprocessing parameters and techniques from one machine/imageprocessor/imaging system to another. The detector stores the data. Thisallows for the transfer of information to and from the detector andimaging system or from the detector among multiple radiographic imagingsystems. For example, an embodiment of a detector can include techniqueinformation for at least one view is moved between differentradiographic imaging systems, technique information for at least oneview can be transferred from a first imaging system to a seconddifferent (e.g., and a third still different) imaging system.

The detector can automatically synchronize the image processing and thetechnique information with an imaging system when the detector isconnected (and/or hot swap) or registered to the imaging system.

The detector can also supply the computer/generator of an imaging systemwith image processing and technique information on demand (e.g.,operator initiated) for specific view(s).

Since the detector is correcting and processing the images, imagepreview time may be affected. The detector can transmit multiple copiesof the same image to the imaging system: raw, corrected, and processed(e.g., presentation ready) to improve preview times. Further, full,partial, sub-sampled, or preview versions of each (e.g., raw,calibration-corrected, and processed) can be sent. Image transmission(e.g., network w/ direct memory access (DMA)) would not slow down theimage processing. For example, one row of data can be transmitted with adifferent (e.g., next row) can be image processed.

With the detector now able to produce fully processed image data, anoperator can attach directly/wirelessly connect a computer monitor intothe detector. For example, the detector would have a connector for aDVI, HDMI, mini-HDMI, Display Port, prescribed connector, customizedconnector or mini-Display Port cable. Further, remote desktop technologycan allow using a network port for a remote monitor. Alternatively, aweb application driven over a network hosted by a web server on thedetector can be used.

Exemplary embodiments can allow for the integration of a flat paneldisplay directly to the detector and allow the operator to view theimage directly at the detector. While this may not be employed at atypical hospital, it may be employed at military applications as it mayeliminate the need for the laptop used in a battlefield environment.

The display can be a touch screen display that drives a fully capablecomputer similar to existing DR imaging system applications and/or DRimaging applications.

This display can be embedded in the detector itself. For example, thedisplay comprises the backside (or a portion thereof) of the detector.

In one embodiment, a display at the detector is not a full featureddisplay. For example, the detector display can be a low cost or smalldisplay on the detector for simple diagnostics. A technician may not beable to evaluate images with small display, but can at least look at theimage and verify the image was acquired. Further, the technician canperform simple or limited functionality from a limited feature display(e.g., not touch screen enabled) like sync calibrations, view image,send images, etc.

Exemplary embodiments can provide a detector that can produce and exportDICOM images (e.g., image data with a patient/exam information header).Thus, the detector can be integrated with DICOM archives, DICOM printersand/or DICOM servers. In one embodiment, the detector can receiveexamination records from a DICOM Modality Worklist.

If the detector does have a removable flash drive (for exportingcalibration data) then this can also be used to export images. Thiscould be used to retrieve images if there is a networking problem.

In certain exemplary embodiments, a detector can be employed for X-ray,ultrasound, patient monitoring applications, fluoroscopy ortomosynthesis.

A method embodiment for calibrating a new portable detector will now bedescribed that can address imaging system access to calibrationinformation for any radiographic detector that needs to be used. Anexemplary method 1500 can include action 1502 for recognizing a newdetector, action 1504 for performing a calibration, and action 1506 forstoring the calibration of the new detector.

In action a 1502 new detector is recognized. At this point, a uniqueidentifier such as serial number is read by the calibration host. In thealternative when an internal or institutional identifier is preferred,the host can assign such an identifier to the new detector. A siteassigned unique ID can be an IP Address or Name. In yet anotheralternative, a MAC address can be assigned to the new detector.Regardless of the identifier selected or assigned, the new detector isknown or identified by that designation and can be tracked through thenetwork.

In action 1504, the new detector can be calibrated for all systems. Thecalibration procedure is administered and calibration data is generatedfor the new detector with respect to gain, offset and defect andcompensation, and other aspects that may need to be compensated in theimages, for example lag, the image retention from previous frames.However, since detector is operable with different systems the detectorcan be calibrated to all known imaging systems that can use thedetector. In the alternative, since detector is operable with differentimaging system types (e.g., radiographic sources, x-ray generators), thedetector can be calibrated to all known imaging system types that canuse the detector. In yet another alternative, the detector can becalibrated to a subset of likely imaging systems or types of imagingsystem that will likely use the detector.

In action 1506, the calibration information can be stored. In a networkenvironment there are a myriad of places where the calibrationinformation can be stored. For example, the calibration can be stored inthe detector such as detector 12 or detector 326 and every time thedetector is used by an imaging system, the detector can incorporate/usethe calibration data for the imaging operation. In the alternative, thecalibration data can be propagated to all the imaging systems. In thisexample, when a detector is coupled to an imaging system, all the hosthas to do is select the calibration data for the detector from itsinternal memory and transfer the calibration data to the detector. Thecalibration data can be selected based on (e.g., indexed by the uniqueidentifier) the respective portable detector.

Upon completion of the calibration procedure (action 1504), calibrationinformation (e.g., updated calibration information) for the detector iscomplete. The calibration maps are the applied to correct subsequent rawradiographic image data. We refer to the result of the operation as“calibration-corrected image” data. If all corrections are applied,i.e., for gain, offset and defect, the result is a fully “flat-field”corrected image. However, certain exemplary embodiments herein performone or more of a single calibration correction, a subset of calibrationcorrections or all calibration correction processing at the radiographicdetector, where at least one copy of the calibration information isstored. Therefore the term “calibration-corrected” image refers to thismore general case. A calibration-corrected image could simply haveoffset corrections applied on the detector.

An embodiment of a method of integrating a portable detector to animaging system will now be described that can follow a procedure for hotswapping a new radiographic detector to an imaging system (e.g., imagingsystem 10) in the event that the current detector is not functioningwithin tolerances. A detector may be out of tolerance when the batteryis below a certain level, when the temperature exceeds a threshold, orwhen the detector fails to operate within acceptable levels. The termshot swap, hot insertion, or plug-and-play are conveniently used to referto the exchange or insertion of portable detectors (e.g., 12, 326) intothe imaging process so as to allow the imaging system (e.g., 10) tofunction immediately after the swapping or insertion process takesplace. An exemplary method 1600 can address the need in the art for easyintegration of portable detectors through calibration data sharing. Theexemplary method 1600 includes selecting a portable detector 1602,identification of the portable detector 1604, selecting the calibrationdata 1606, and integrating the portable detector to the imaging process1608.

In action 1602, a portable detector is selected. The portable detector(e.g., detector 12 or detector 326) can be any detector capable ofexchanging information with the imaging system (e.g., imaging system 10or imaging system 310) using a well defined protocol such as dockingprotocol or wireless protocol.

In action 1604, the host or imaging system identifies the detector usingthe defined protocol. The system then proceeds to read theidentification from the detector. The detector receives theidentification of the imaging system. FIG. 9 is a diagram that shows anexemplary digital detector to transfer registration information (e.g.,manually) to an x-ray imaging apparatus upon connection.

In action 1606, the calibration data is selected or updated for theportable detector. The calibration data can be unique for that detectoror the detector imaging system pair.

In one embodiment, the host can look up the stored calibration data forthe given detector and transmit the calibration to the detector for usein imaging operations. In the alternative, the detector can select amongthe stored calibration data (e.g., stored at the detector) thecorresponding calibration data for the specific imaging system, imagingsystem type or imaging system/detector pair.

In one embodiment, storing and using calibration data can includestoring and using by imaging system type. For example, the uniqueidentifier of the imaging system can be used as the index key of a tablefor reading the calibration data stored at the detector.

In action 1608, the imaging system can use the identification data tointegrate the detector to the imaging process of the imaging system. Thedetector can use the selected calibration data at the detector tocorrect raw electronic image data and transfer the same (e.g., at leastpartially calibration corrected image data/image) to the imaging systemin imaging operations.

In an alternative embodiment, the calibration data can be transferred toan external processor from the detector, and subsequent image data canbe transferred and corrected externally to the detector and the imagingsystem. Preferably, the calibration corrected image data and/orpresentation ready image is then transferred back to the imaging system.

In one embodiment, up to three DR receiver panels 12 can be registeredwith a radiographic imaging system, however, generally one DR panel isactive. A registered DR receiver panel has communicated calibration andconfiguration data as needed with the radiographic imaging system.Certain exemplary embodiments of detectors herein can capture x-rayradiation as a receptor.

FIG. 4 is a diagram that shows an exemplary digital detector to processdata at the digital detector for use in an x-ray imaging apparatus inaccordance with the application. As shown in FIG. 4, an x-ray imagingapparatus 400 can include an x-ray source 410 that can emit x-raystoward an object and a detector 420 can include a matrix of pixels todetect an image of x-rays having passed though the object. As shown inFIG. 4, embodiments of a detector 410 can pass raw image data (e.g.,sub-sampled), calibration corrected image data or processed imaged dataready for viewing to a display 420. The display 420 can include, but isnot intended to be limited to a computer (e.g., of a console of aradiographic imaging system), a monitor or a flat panel display on anon-imaging side of the detector. To provide calibration corrected imagedata, the detector 420 can include calibration data 422. To provideprocessed imaged data, the detector 420 can include image processingdata 424.

FIG. 5 is a diagram that shows an exemplary digital detector to includeremovable memory to transfer data, raw images or processed images foruse in an x-ray imaging apparatus in accordance with the application. Asshown in FIG. 5, an x-ray imaging apparatus 500 can include an x-raydetector 520 can include a matrix of pixels to detect an image of x-rayshaving passed though an object and a computer 530 (e.g., console) in aradiographic imaging system (not shown). The detector 520 and thecomputer 530 can exchange or transfer calibration, image processingand/or technique data, acquired images and the like by using a removablememory card, storage device wireless or wired connection. A transferablememory device can be used in the case of network failure.

FIG. 6 is a diagram that shows an exemplary digital detector embodimentthat is capable of storing, using, creating and/or merging variouscalibration data at the digital detector. As shown in FIG. 6, aradiographic detector 620 can acquire new calibration image (e.g., flatfield, dark image, phantom target image, etc.). The new calibrationimage can be used to generate new or additional calibration data.Further, the new calibration data can be merged with other calibrationdata such as but not limited to factory calibration data or otherperiodic calibration data to result in a set of or single mergedcalibration data. In one embodiment, the new calibration data and/or themerged calibration data can be made at the detector 620.

FIG. 7 is a diagram that shows an exemplary digital detector to includea display and processor at the digital detector for use as an x-rayimaging apparatus. As shown in FIG. 7, a detector 720 comprises a DRimaging system. Thus, the detector 720 can be considered a DR imagingsystem 700. In one embodiment, the detector 720 can include functionalcapabilities of a mobile DR imaging system (e.g., imaging system 310).In another embodiment, the detector can include functional capabilitiesof just the controller 327 and console 314. Exemplary capabilities ofthe detector 720 can include, for example, drive a user interface on amonitor (e.g., keyboard, mouse, touch screen, or the like), exteriorcommunication capabilities such as connecting to USB device to upload/download files, communicate wirelessly or wired to network devicesand/or image acquisition control capabilities.

FIG. 8 is a diagram that shows another exemplary digital detector toinclude a display and processor at the digital detector for use as anx-ray imaging apparatus in accordance with the application.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart that shows a related art image processing usingcalibration data at an image processor (e.g., DR console) of aradiographic imaging system.

A method embodiment for calibrating a new portable detector will now bedescribed. As shown in FIG. 11, first detector calibration can becalibration procedures performed initially or factory calibrations.Factory Calibration can include acquiring a large number of images(e.g., dark and flat field) with different exposure and operatingcharacteristics of the detector (e.g., internal operating cycles of thedetector, such as voltages and timing, integration times, frame rates,exposure levels, temperature) and/or exposure intervals and then savingand/or processing (e.g., averaging, combining, statistical analysis,frequency filtering, thresholding) the captured images to make a new setof images that represents the calibration maps (images). Certainexemplary embodiments can modify and/or combine the captured images orthe set of calibration images so that less calibration data needs to bemaintained, for example, held by the detector.

For example, taking one dark image at the detector can obtain a roughapproximation of pixel offset for the detector. However, taking andaveraging 100 dark images (any other integer number greater than one)can obtain a better and less noisy approximation of pixel offset for thedetector. In this example, all 100 dark images may not need to be saved,but only a single averaged image can be saved.

As shown in FIG. 11, calibration data is captured at the factory (orfield site) from a radiographic detector (operation block 1105).Processor logic to average 100 images can be done by the detectoritself. Alternatively, averaging could be done as additional exposurecharacteristic data images are acquired to reduce processing time and/ormemory use. Alternatively, all of the images could be transferred to aexternal processor such as at portable computer (PC) or imaging systemconsole, which would perform all the logic and then transfer thecalibration data (e.g., a single or smaller set of averaged or combinedcalibration images) back to the detector (operation block 1110). In oneembodiment, this calibration data (e.g., operation block 1105, 1115,1120) can be permanently saved for safe keeping at a remote site (e.g.,manufacturer site or networked site) in case there is a memory failureof the detector in the field (e.g., removable medium or memory storingthis information).

Optionally, calibration forming data (e.g., dark and/or flat fieldimages) can be transferred from the detector to a PC, under theassumption that a PC is being used to do factory calibration analysis(operation block 1110). As shown in FIG. 11, calibration correction datacan be created from the captured calibration images at the detector(operation block 1115). Exemplary calibration map generation is known toone of ordinary skill in the art of medical radiographic imaging. Then,the calibration maps (images) can be stored, for example in non-volatilememory, and preferably at the detector. In one embodiment, when thecalibration maps (or a portion thereof) are not generated at thedetector, the calibration correction data can be transmitted back to thedetector (operation block 1120). Certain exemplary embodiments canperform all factory calibration logic at the detector, which caneliminate operation blocks 1110 and 1120.

Detector calibration can also be performed periodically or reputedlyafter an initial calibration (e.g., factory calibration). For example,subsequent detector calibration can be performed at a remote site orcustomer site. Operation blocks 1125 to 1145 can be performed at theremote site.

As shown in FIG. 11, additional calibration images (e.g., dark and/orflat field calibration images) can be acquired (operation block 1125).In operation block 1125, additional processing/logic can be performed onthe calibration data to reduce time needed to acquire images. Inoperation block 1125, additional detector calibration can be calibrationprocedures performed subsequently and can include acquiring a number ofadditional images (e.g., dark and flat field) with different exposure oroperating characteristics of the detector (e.g., internal operatingcycles of the detector, such as voltages and timing, integration times,frame rates, exposure levels, temperature and/or exposure intervals andthen saving and/or processing (e.g., averaging, combining, statisticalanalysis, frequency filtering, thresholding) the captured images to makea new set of images that represents the updated calibration maps(images).

In one embodiment, only dark images can be used to update calibrationinformation. For example, when only a dark image(s) is used, thecalibration on the detector can be performed without user intervention(e.g., the detector can initiate or perform the updated calibrationautomatically). For example, pre- and post-exposure dark images can beaveraged to form an offset map at the time a medical examination isperformed and the exposure image is acquired. Alternatively, darkcalibrations can be initiated and dark images can be averaged while thedetector is idle, e.g., not used with medical examination or combinedwith detected x-rays. Further, the final averaged dark image can besaved, preferably without saving every image that was input into theaverage function.

As shown in FIG. 11, the storage of acquired additional calibrationinformation can be the actual captured images or the output of a logicprocessing or combining/averaging function, (e.g., that itself can looklike another image). The updated calibration images and/or correctiondata can be stored on the detector (operation block 1135) or removablememory.

Alternatively, the images can have been transferred to a host computerPC, where the calibration processing is done, and then transfer thefinal calibration information is transferred back to the detector forstorage (operation blocks 1130-1135).

Then, the detector can be used for radiographic imaging, preferably atmedical facilities or customer locations (operation block 1140).Subsequently, an event can occur (e.g., initial registration, timeelapsed, number of exposures elapsed, detector dropped, etc.), andprocessing can indicate that another calibration, performed by the user,is required or can automatically be performed by the detector (operationblock 1145). Operation blocks 1125-1145 can be repeated.

A method embodiment for synchronizing examination procedures or exposureparameters between a radiographic detector and one or more radiographicimaging systems will now be described. In one aspect, exemplaryembodiments as shown in FIG. 12 can expand on embodiments such asdescribed with reference to FIG. 11 and store additional information ata radiographic detector to ensure consistency as the radiographicdetector is moved between radiographic imaging systems. In FIG. 12,operation blocks 1215, 1240 and 1250 can be OR operations whereby theexemplary method embodiment can follow at least one of the delineatedmultiple paths thereafter.

As shown in FIG. 12, a first set of image processing parameters andtechniques (e.g., factory parameters and techniques) can be loaded tothe radiographic detector (operation block 1205). In one embodiment, thefirst set of factory image processing parameters and techniques can be adefault set. Then, the radiographic detector is connected to (e.g.,registered) to a first radiographic imaging system at an imaging site(e.g., remote or customer site) (operation block 1210). Operation block1215 provides alternatives when a mismatch can occur between imageprocessing parameters and techniques at the imaging system and thedetector. Operation block 1215 can occur when the detector first arrivesat the imaging site.

Operation blocks 1220, 1225, 1230 can address when the technicianbelieves that the techniques and image processing parameters (TaIPP) onthe detector are the correct ones (e.g., the TaIPP the technician wantsto use). In this case, data for the TaIPP can be transferred from thedetector to the console/imaging system PC (operation block 1220).Further, the transferred TaIPP at the console/imaging system PC can betweaked or modified by the technician to make fine adjustments(operation block 1225). Then, the adjusted TaIPP can be transferred backup to the detector (operation block 1230).

Alternatively, the technician can believe that the techniques and imageprocessing parameters (TaIPP) on the DR PC imaging system/console arethe correct ones. In this case, the TaIPP information can be transferredfrom the console /imaging system PC to the detector (operation block1235). In operation block 1235, the first set of image processingparameters and techniques can be overwritten.

In certain exemplary embodiments described herein, transferring thechosen image processing parameters (e.g., correct TaIPP) to the detectorcan be an optional operation unless the detector is actually performingthe image processing (e.g., instead of the console/imaging system PC).Optional operations for maintaining/transferring the selected TaIPP atthe detector can use the detector as a storage mechanism to move imageprocessing parameters and techniques between radiographic imagingsystems.

As shown in operation block 1240, the detector can be reused at theimaging system or another imaging system with the TaIPP stored at thedetector. In certain exemplary embodiments, the detector can betransferred to another different imaging system (operation block 1245).Operation block 1250 provides alternatives when a registered detector ismoved to and registered at a different imaging system whereby imageprocessing parameters and techniques at the detector and/or the imagingsystem can be controlled or prioritized. Operation block 1250 can occurwhen the detector is registered at the different or second imagingsystem or subsequently.

Technicians or others can transfer techniques from a first imagingsystem to another second imaging system using a detector to make all ofthe second imaging system setup like the first imaging system setup(operation block 1265). For example, portable wireless DR detector canuse differing types of scintillators (e.g., GOS, CSI), which can usediffering TaIPP (e.g., different speeds, and/or differing exposure(e.g., less exposure or lower techniques) relative to one another. Inone embodiment, when a technician moves a second scintillator typeportable detector to an imaging system that uses only first typedetectors currently, then the second scintillator type portable detectortechniques and imaging can be the better data to use. Further, imageprocessing can vary between scintillator types for portable detectors.Technicians or others can transfer techniques from a first imagingsystem to another second imaging system using a detector to make some orselected examinations of the second imaging system setup like the firstimaging system setup (operation block 1260). In addition, when imageprocessing is performed at the detector, then the technician does notneed to transfer TaIPP from the detector to the second imaging systembecause the detector can operate with its own independent or current setof TaIPP, which can occur when other detectors on the second imagingsystem use a different set (e.g., or the imaging system uses anadditional set of parameters).

Technicians or others can transfer techniques from the second imagingsystem to the detector to make some or selected examinations of thesecond imaging system setup remain consistent (operation block 1255).For example, portable wireless DR detectors can use the second imagingsystem TaIPP to ensure that images from the second imaging system do notappear like those from another department (e.g., ER, ICU). Accordingly,the new detector (to the second imaging system) can adapt and matchoperations/procedures that are is usually performed in this imaging roomof the second imaging system with regards to techniques and imageprocessing. Further, the imaging system can store imaging techniquesbecause different grids are used at different imaging rooms wherebydifferent techniques or imaging processing parameters at differentimaging systems can be better.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart that shows an exemplary image processing methodembodiment performing additional image processing at a DR detector of aradiographic imaging system in accordance with the application. As shownin FIG. 13, exemplary image processing can be performed (e.g., not justcalibration adjustment/correction) on a radiographic detector. Exemplarytypes of image processing that can be performed, in whole or in part, orin various combinations are illustrated in operation blocks 1305, 1310,1315, 1320. Exemplary image processing to be performed at the detectoras shown in FIG. 13 can be considered high level example and not acomplete or detailed list of image processing performed by the imagingsystem PC or console in related art radiographic imaging systems.

Optionally, after image processing such as but not limited to one ormore of the operation block shown in FIG. 13, the detector can transferimage(s) from the detector to an imaging system console or PC, ordisplaying the image directly. For example, the detector can output theimage only, or output the image with some meta data (e.g., describingwidth, height, and other necessary information) or output a DICOM image(e.g., that is a standard format to contain standardized meta data).

Certain exemplary embodiments of radiographic detector that performimage processing can vary image processing parameters based on the bodypart and projection being exposed. Alternatively, in less capableimaging systems or low end imaging systems, the detector can have asingle image processing function for all types of images.

Alternatively, in a high end system with good image analysis, thedetector may be able to process the image without being told bodypart/projection because the detector can determine the best imageprocessing parameters for that particular image.

As shown in FIG. 13, the detector can process an image for presentationto the technician or user. Thus, in FIG. 13 the detector can output aprocessed image. As used herein, there are several definitions of aprocessed image. For example, usually a final presentation LUT(look-up-table) like DICOM GSDF (Grey Scale Display Functions) isapplied to the image as it is displayed. In one embodiment, the methodshown in FIG. 13 requires that the detector know the image processingparameters to process the image. For example, the host imaging systemmay also need to tell the detector what body part and projection isbeing used. In contrast, as shown in FIG. 11, the detector can output orproduce an image (e.g., raw or calibration corrected) ready to beprocessed (e.g., image processed or rendered) by the imaging systemconsole/PC.

For selected exemplary embodiment such as the all in one detectorimaging system (e.g., monitor on back of detector or video cable comingout of detector, FIG. 8) then the detector can control the userinterface so the detector already knows body part and projection and canitself display or output the image.

FIG. 14 is a flowchart that shows an image processing method embodimentillustrating additional exemplary operator work flow using a DR detectorbeing a radiographic imaging system. For example, a detectorimplementing operations shown in FIG. 14 can include a radiographicdetector being an all in one radiographic imaging system (e.g., adisplay on the back of the detector with a user interface, or a videooutput directly on the detector to drive a slave monitor).

As shown in FIG. 14, a technician can have the detector operable toperform an exam (operation block 1405). Then, the technician candetermine (e.g., create or fetch an exam) an examination to perform(operation block 1410). For example, in operation block 1410, thetechnician can create an examination record for a patient, recall anexisting patient examination record to create new images or a newexamination for the patient, the detector imaging system can fetch aworklist record for the identified technician (e.g., from a HIS/RIS viaDICOM modality worklist) with examination records, or the technician canperform an examination (e.g., trama study) without enteringpatient/examination data. Alternatively, the technician can receive apage or be handed a requisition form and type in the information/barcodescan the requisition form to get the examination record started. Thus,in operation clock 1410, the technician can make the examination recordor the examination record can be received from elsewhere.

Then, the technician can determine view(s) (e.g., unacquired imagerecords) to expose (operation block 1415). As shown in operation block1420, for example, the technician can add the desired views to theexamination, views can be automatically added to the examination basedon HIS/RIS or user supplied information, or the technician can acquirean image(s) without entering view information. Thus, in operation clock1420, the technician can make the views (e.g., images to expose) recordor the views can be automatically created/received from elsewhere.

Then, if selected, the technician can adjust the techniques (operationblock 1425). In one embodiment (e.g., in room DR imaging system), thetechnician can control the techniques from a user interface (UI), whichmeans the detector can be in direct contact with the x-ray generator andthe prep/expose logic. Alternatively, for a retrofit radiographicimaging system, the technician can change techniques on the generatorhardware, which may or may not be integrated with the detector. Inaddition, where the detector can be remotely accessed by a GUI drive(e.g., imaging system console or PC), the detector also can be remotelycontrolled by a remote desktop connection or the like (e.g., tablet PC).In one embodiment, the detector can use a network connection for remotecontrol and/or video like remote desktop or net meeting or remote PCcontrol applications.

After the image is acquired, the acquired image can be shown to thetechnician on the monitor on the detector or on a remote displaycontrolled by the detector (operation block 1430). In one embodiment, afull sized monitor on the back of the detector can display the acquiredimage where the displayed image is the same exact size as the acquiredimage or the detector that captured the image (e.g., see FIG. 8).

Then, the acquired image can be manipulated by the technician (operationblock 1435) and accepted/rejected by the technician (operation block1440). Further, acquired images (e.g., accepted or rejected, etc.) bestored locally, remotely or to a removable medium. In one embodiment, todeliver the image to the hospital's PACS system a wired or wirelessconnection can be used.

In a military use case or a field use situation, it is the technician atthe remote site that needs to see the image. No system to deliver to,but the technician can save the image on the detector for later transferto a PACS upon return from the filed or remote site. Alternatively, asupplemental long distance wireless communication method (e.g.,satellite or cell phone technology) to send an image back to home basefor evaluation by another technician or professional doctor.

Certain exemplary embodiments herein provide methods and/systems thatcan perform calibration image processing (e.g., one or more correctionsincluding but not limited to dark correction or offset correction, gaincorrection, defect correction) that can include (i) forming calibrationdata, calibration images or calibration maps at the detector or for useat the detector, or (ii) correcting (e.g., raw image) images of objectsby applying calibration data, calibration images or calibration maps tosuch images of objects acquired by the detector (or elsewhere). Thus,exemplary embodiments herein can provide methods and/systems that canperform calibration file updates or calibration procedures that resultin calibration files and/or information used in correcting subsequentraw radiographic image data at a radiographic detector. Further,additional image processing (e.g., image rendering) can be performed bya digital detector of radiographic image systems.

In one embodiment, calibration can be divided into two categories:factory and site calibration. Factory calibration is performed (e.g., bymanufacturer) prior to shipping the detector for use (e.g., to thecustomer). Factor calibration data (e.g., images) are usually gearedtoward that which will not change over the life of the detector. Forexample, the calibration information can be valid regardless of detectortemperature, how many images have been exposed, age of detector, etc.Factory calibration can use an automated process and the factorycalibration can involve more images than site calibration.

Related art calibration data can provided by a DVD with many calibrationimages with the detector. Then, the technician must load the images onthe DVD to any radiographic imaging system that will use the detector.

Certain exemplary embodiments here can send the detector with thiscalibration data on the detector itself and correct the images on thedetector, so that there is no need to spend time (e.g., minutes)transferring these calibration data to each imaging system that can usethe detector.

Once the detector is registered to a specific radiographic imagingsystem for use, the imaging system can determine that the requiredperiodic (e.g., repeated) site calibration has not been performed onthat imaging system. Site calibration can include daily, weekly,monthly, yearly, or every 100 images . . . type of calibration. Sitecorrection can address properties of the detector that could change ordrift over time. Site calibration can address a dropped detector becausethat action can cause the glass or substrate to shift and invalidate anycurrent calibration. In related art imaging systems, because sitecalibration isn't on the DVD with calibration images, unique sitecalibration is performed on every DR imaging system to which thedetector is registered. Accordingly, site calibrations are effectivelyrequired over and over on each imaging system.

For example, a radiography department has three rooms and a selecteddetector is primarily in room 1 and only registered with rooms 2 and 3as a backup detector. Further, room 2 does not use the selected detectoruntil 6 months later whereby all of the periodic calibrations for theselected detector have expired on the room 2 imaging system. At thatpoint, in related art imaging systems, the technician can be required toperform daily, weekly, monthly, and maybe longer periodic calibrationson the selected detector (which may take up to an hour) before theselected detector can be used in room 2. However, the site calibrationsare up to date for the selected detector on the room 1 imaging system.

As used herein, controller/CPU for the detector panel (e.g., detector12) or imaging system (controller 34 or 327) also includes an operatingsystem (not shown) that is stored on the computer-accessible media RAM,ROM, and mass storage device, and is executed by processor. Examples ofoperating systems include Microsoft Windows®, Apple MacOS®, Linux®,UNIX®. Examples are not limited to any particular operating system,however, and the construction and use of such operating systems are wellknown within the art. Embodiments of controller/CPU for the detector(e.g., detector 12) or imaging system (controller 34 or 327) are notlimited to any type of computer. In varying embodiments, controller/CPUcomprises a PC-compatible computer, a MacOS®-compatible computer, aLinux®-compatible computer, or a UNIX®-compatible computer. Theconstruction and operation of such computers are well known within theart. The controller/CPU can be operated using at least one operatingsystem to provide a graphical user interface (GUI) including auser-controllable pointer. The controller/CPU can have at least one webbrowser application program executing within at least one operatingsystem, to permit users of the controller/CPU to access an intranet,extranet or Internet world-wide-web pages as addressed by UniversalResource Locator (URL) addresses. Examples of browser applicationprograms include Netscape Navigator® and Microsoft Internet Explorer®.

In some embodiments, exemplary methods can be implemented as a computerdata signal embodied in a carrier wave, that represents a sequence ofinstructions which, when executed by a processor, such as processor 34,327, can cause the processor to perform the respective method. In otherembodiments, exemplary methods can be implemented as acomputer-accessible medium having executable instructions capable ofdirecting a processor, such as processor 34, 327, to perform therespective method. In varying embodiments, the medium is a magneticmedium, an electronic medium, or an optical medium.

The present application uses the term “imaging room” or more simply“room” as it is conventionally used and understood by those practiced inthe radiology arts, to apply to an installation of an x-ray imagingapparatus or system at a specific location that has one or more DRreceiver panels that can be assigned to that system. There is generallyan organizational hierarchy for x-ray rooms in a given facility. One ormore imaging rooms may be grouped together as part of a “department”within a hospital or other facility in which x-rays are obtained. Forexample, the emergency room may be considered as a department and mayitself have two or more rooms for x-ray imaging. There may then be anumber of departments within a hospital or other care facility, which isgenerally termed a “site” or “facility” in the context of the presentdisclosure. Problems addressed by embodiments of the application can ofparticular relevance where a hospital or other type of site has multipledepartments for DR radiological imaging and more particularly where eachdepartment can have multiple rooms or DR detectors assigned as floatingDR detectors.

Radiographic detectors can be classified into the “direct conversiontype” one for directly converting the radiation to an electronic signaland the “indirect conversion type” one for converting the radiation tofluorescence to convert the fluorescence to an electronic signal. Anindirect conversion type radiographic detector generally includes ascintillator for receiving the radiation to generate fluorescence withthe strength in accordance with the amount of the radiation.

Refer also to commonly assigned U.S. Published Patent Application20100020933, which is hereby incorporated by reference.

It should be noted that the present teachings are not intended to belimited in scope to the embodiments illustrated in the figures.

While the invention has been illustrated with respect to one or moreimplementations, alterations and/or modifications can be made to theillustrated examples without departing from the spirit and scope of theappended claims. For example, the various pixel embodiments can be usedin radiation imaging systems. An example radiation imaging system caninclude a plurality of the various pixel embodiments in an array,driving circuits, readout circuits, and a phosphor screen. A radiationsource can also be included.

In addition, while a particular feature of the invention have beendisclosed with respect to only one of several implementations, suchfeature can be combined with one or more other features of the otherimplementations as can be desired and advantageous for any given orparticular function. Furthermore, to the extent that the terms“including,” “includes,” “having,” “has,” “with,” or variants thereofare used in either the detailed description and the claims, such termsare intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the term“comprising.” The term “at least one of” is used to mean one or more ofthe listed items can be selected.

In one embodiment, a method for operating a radiographic imaging system,the method comprising operably coupling a portable detector to theimaging system, wherein the portable detector comprises a memory tostore calibration data; correcting image data using the storedcalibration data; and transmitting a calibration data corrected image tothe radiographic imaging system.

In one embodiment, an apparatus for a radiographic imaging systemcomprising: a detector storing calibration data; a transmit and receiveunit for external communication; and a detector controller to respond toincident radiation to transmit a calibration data corrected imagethrough said transmit and receive unit.

In one embodiment, a detector for a radiographic imaging systemcomprising: a memory comprising calibration data and configuration data;a transmit and receive unit for communicating with the radiographicimaging system; and a detector controller responding to a request foridentification of said detector received through said transmit andreceive unit and transmitting an ID from said memory to the radiographicimaging system.

In one embodiment, a system for obtaining an x-ray image comprising: aplurality of x-ray imaging systems, each x-ray imaging system comprisingat least one x-ray generator; and at least one at least one portabledigital radiography detector to store image exposure techniqueinformation, wherein the technique information is used with the portableDR detector at one or more radiographic imaging systems. In the system aplurality of x-ray imaging systems are coupled to an imaging systemnetwork, wherein the image exposure technique information comprisescomprise at least one of kVp, mAs, ma, time, or AEC configuration.

In one embodiment, the detector comprises memory including one or morecache, ROM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM, flash, SRAM, non-volatile memory (NVM),flash memory and removable memory, and wherein the imaging system is aportable imaging system, wherein calibration data comprises factorycalibration files, wherein the memory comprises configuration data.

In one embodiment, wherein the detector is identified to theradiographic imaging system by manual physical connection and a manualoperator action, wherein required information is transferred from thedetector to the radiographic imaging system after the detector isidentified, wherein the required information comprises one or more ofunique ID, a serial number, an IP address, a name, a detector type,width/height in prescribed dimension units, width/height in pixels,detector type (GOS, CSI) and not calibration data and, wherein thedetector is selected or activated to the radiographic imaging system bymanual physical connection and a manual operator action.

In one embodiment, an apparatus for a radiographic imaging system caninclude a detector including an image receptor to receive incident x-rayradiation and generate electronic image data; a storage deviceconfigured to store image processing parameters; and a processorconfigured to perform image processing at the detector from theelectronic image data and the image processing parameters.

The apparatus can include image processing parameters that are viewbased image processing parameters, the processor to store processingdata for each view. The at least one view can include body part,projection, position, or a combination thereof.

The apparatus can further include a plurality of different radiographicimaging systems, the detector to store view information, imageprocessing parameters or exposure techniques for use with theradiographic imaging system, the detector to transfer the viewinformation, image processing parameters or exposure techniques from afirst radiographic imaging systems to a second radiographic imagingsystem.

The apparatus can perform image processing at the detector, techniqueinformation is stored at the detector, wherein the technique informationis used with the detector at one or more radiographic imaging systems.

In one embodiment, the detector can synchronize view information, imageprocessing parameters or exposure techniques with the imaging systemupon connection, wherein the connection is a wireless connection orphysical connection, a hot swap operation or a detector registration,the detector to receive the view information, image processingparameters or exposure techniques from an initial radiographic imagingsystem, at the factory or at an initialization operation.

In one embodiment, the detector to transfer view information, imageprocessing parameters or exposure techniques from a first radiographicimaging systems to a second radiographic imaging system.

In one embodiment, the detector to store exposure techniques, whereinexposure techniques comprise at least one of kVp, mAs, ma, time, or AECconfiguration, where the exposure techniques are transmitted to agenerator before the incident radiation is received.

In one embodiment, detector is to transmit multiple copies of a firstimage to the imaging system, where the multiple copies of the firstimage comprise raw image data, calibration corrected image data, orprocessed image data, where the multiple copies of the first imagereduce operator preview times, where the multiple copies of the firstimage are transmitted over a network or the internet, where the multiplecopies of the first image comprise a preview image or the multiplecopies of the first image are full, sampled or reduced images. Further,the detector is configured to produce fully processed image data or toproduce image data for display to an operator.

The apparatus can include a display, monitor or a remote desktop or webapplication to couple to the detector, where the display is wirelesslyconnected to the detector or directly connected to the detector with acable and a connector, where the connector comprises a DVI, HDMI,mini-HDMI, Display Port, a prescribed connector, a customized connector,or mini-Display Port connector.

In one embodiment, the detector can include a first surface and anopposite surface, where the second surface comprises a display todisplay the calibration data corrected image. Further, the flat paneldisplay can be a touch screen display to display raw image data,calibration corrected image data or processed images, where the detectorcomprises the radiographic imaging system, where the flat panel displayis a touch screen display to display DICOM images or x-ray image dataincluding patient and examination procedure information. Alternatively,the flat panel display can perform DR console operations for digitalradiographic imaging room systems or digital radiographic imaging mobilesystems.

The apparatus can configure the detector to satisfy mil-specrequirements for durability, reliability, robustness, military hardenedelectronic equipment or battlefield operations.

In one embodiment, the processor at the detector can perform additionalimage processing before transmitting the corrected image to theradiographic imaging system, the additional image processing comprisingat least one of compensation processing, expansion/compressionprocessing, space filtering processing, recursive processing, gradationprocessing, scattering radiation compensation processing, gridcompensation processing, frequency enhancement processing, dynamic rangecompression processing, noise suppression, or tone scaling comprisingcontrast, brightness, latitude, noise or sharpness.

In one embodiment, the detector is configured to access patientinformation and examination procedure information, the detector totransmit DICOM images or x-ray image data including patient andexamination procedure header information.

Further, in the discussion and claims herein, the term “about” indicatesthat the value listed can be somewhat altered, as long as the alterationdoes not result in nonconformance of the process or structure to theillustrated embodiment. In addition, while a particular feature of theinvention can have been disclosed with respect to only one of severalimplementations, such feature can be combined with one or more otherfeatures of the other implementations as can be desired and advantageousfor any given or particular function. The term “at least one of” is usedto mean one or more of the listed items can be selected. Also,“exemplary” indicates the description is used as an example, rather thanimplying that it is an ideal.

1. An apparatus for a radiographic imaging system comprising: a detectorcomprising, an image receptor to receive incident x-ray radiation andgenerate uncorrected electronic image data; a storage device to storecalibration data, and a processor to generate calibration-correctedimage data from the uncorrected electronic image data and thecalibration data.
 2. The apparatus of claim 1, the detector comprising:a transmit and receive unit for external communication; and a detectorcontroller to respond to incident radiation to transmit a calibrationdata corrected image through said transmit and receive unit.
 3. Theapparatus of claim 2, the detector comprising memory coupled to saidprocessor to store said calibration data, the transmit and receive unitto communicate with the radiographic imaging system, and the detectorcontroller to transmit the calibration data corrected image to theradiographic imaging system.
 4. The apparatus of claim 1, the storagedevice to store additional calibration data at the detector, where theadditional calibration data comprises a preset number of images orprescribed, periodic, a periodic, operator initiated, daily, weekly,monthly, or yearly dark calibration files or flat field calibrationfiles at the detector, and the processor to use the additionalcalibration data to correct image data before transferring calibrationdata corrected images to the radiographic imaging system.
 5. Theapparatus of claim 1, wherein the calibration data comprises imagingsystem specific calibration data for the portable detector ornon-imaging system specific calibration data for the portable detector,where the flat field corrected image data comprises dark correction,gain correction or defect correction.
 6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherethe processor to perform additional image processing before transmittingthe corrected image to the radiographic imaging system, the additionalimage processing comprising at least one of compensation processing,expansion/compression processing, space filtering processing, recursiveprocessing, gradation processing, scattering radiation compensationprocessing, grid compensation processing, frequency enhancementprocessing, dynamic range compression processing, noise suppression, ortone scaling comprising contrast, brightness, latitude, noise orsharpness, wherein the detector is configured to access patientinformation and examination procedure information, the detector totransmit DICOM images or x-ray image data including patient andexamination procedure header information.
 7. The apparatus of claim 1,where the detector is to transmit multiple copies of a first image tothe imaging system, where the multiple copies of the first imagecomprise raw image data, calibration-corrected image data, or processedimage data, where the multiple copies of the first image comprise apreview image or the multiple copies of the first image are full,sampled or reduced images.
 8. The apparatus of claim 1, where theapparatus comprises a display or monitor to couple to the detector, aremote desktop, or a web application, where the display is wirelesslyconnected to the detector or directly connected to the detector with acable and a connector, where the connector comprises a DVI, HDMI,mini-HDMI, Display Port, a prescribed connector, a customized connector,or mini-Display Port connector.
 9. The apparatus of claim 1, where thedetector further comprises: a first surface and an opposite secondsurface, where the second surface comprises a flat panel display todisplay the calibration data corrected image; and a processor configuredto operate a user interface at the flat panel display.
 10. The apparatusof claim 9, where the flat panel display is a touch screen display todisplay raw image data, calibration-corrected image data or processedimages ready for presentation to the user, where the detector comprisesthe radiographic imaging system and the flat panel display is a touchscreen display to perform DR console operations for digital radiographicimaging room systems or digital radiographic imaging mobile systems, theflat panel display to display DICOM images or x-ray image data includingpatient and examination procedure information, where the detector isconfigured to satisfy mil-spec requirements for durability, reliability,robustness, military hardened electronic equipment or battlefieldoperations.
 11. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the calibration datacomprises initial calibration data obtained using the generator of theradiographic imaging system where the detector is first installed, wherethe storage device to store second calibration data from the imagingsystem transmitted to the detector, where the second calibration data iscopied to an internal memory of the detector, where the internal memoryis coupled to the processor.
 12. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein thecalibration data comprises first calibration data and second calibrationdata, wherein the first calibration data is captured raw calibrationimages and the second calibration data is a correction images comprisingdata to be applied to a subsequent raw radiographic image data forflat-field correction, wherein the correction images are processedimages formed from first combination data and are stored in high accessspeed memory, wherein the detector updates the correction image when anew calibration is performed.
 13. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein thedetector is configured to initiate a dark calibration after a prescribednumber of exposures or every first prescribed time interval within asecond prescribed time interval, wherein the second prescribed timeinterval is greater than the first prescribed time interval, where theupdated dark calibration data is stored at the detector.
 14. Theapparatus of claim 1, wherein calibration data are used to modify theimage data, wherein the detector is configured to initiate a darkcalibration when a prescribed condition is satisfied.
 15. (canceled) 16.The apparatus of claim 14, where the prescribed condition is a variablenumber of exposures or a first prescribed time interval, where thedetector comprises a memory to store each calibration data, and wherethe detector is configured to transmit a dark calibration data correctedimage to the radiographic imaging system or where the detector isconfigured to transmit a calibration data corrected image to theradiographic imaging system, where the calibration data corrected imageis corrected with a combination of the data image data and othercalibration data or flat field images.
 17. A method for operating anapparatus for a radiographic imaging system, the apparatus comprising aradiographic detector including an image receptor to receive incidentx-ray radiation and generate uncorrected electronic image data, themethod comprising storing calibration data at the detector, andgenerating calibration-corrected image data from the uncorrectedelectronic image data and the calibration data a the radiographicdetector. 18-20. (canceled)
 21. A method for operating an apparatus fora radiographic imaging system, the apparatus comprising a radiographicdetector including an image receptor to receive incident x-ray radiationand generate electronic image data, the method comprising storing viewinformation, image processing parameters or exposure techniques for usewith the radiographic imaging system; and transferring said viewinformation, image processing parameters or exposure techniques from afirst radiographic imaging systems to a second radiographic imagingsystem
 22. The method of claim. 21, further comprising performing imageprocessing at the detector from the electronic image data and the viewinformation, the image processing parameters or the exposure techniques.23. (canceled)